BLOGGER TEMPLATES AND TWITTER BACKGROUNDS

Minggu, 21 Juni 2009

DIRECT AND INDERICT SPEECH

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct Speech

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech)

Here what a person says appears within quotation marks (“…”) and should be word for word.

Indirect Speech

Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what person said and it doesn't have to be word for word. When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a tie in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

For example :

Direct speech

Indirect speech

“I'm going to the cinema”, he said

He said he was going to the cinema

MODAL IN THE PAST FROM

Modals In The Past Form

Adalah kata Bantu pengandaian dalam bentuk lampau

Modal in past are :

  • Could
  • Should
  • Would
  • Might

Chould + Verb base

We can use this expression :

To offer suggestion or possibilities

Example : Rosa : I am having trouble with math

Vira : Why don't you ask putrid? Prehaps She could help you

Should + Verb base



Example : Ido : Wa, you should go to library now

Iwa : OK !



Would + Verb base


Use would for an action that was repeated regulary in the past

Example : Oca : What did you usually do for holiday?

Vita : I would visit uncle in the village, but now not anymore.

Would + Mind + V_ing

Use would to express polite request

Example : Mr. Jhon : Would you mind posting the letter?

Pujja : No, not at all



Might + Verb base


Use mioght to tell posibilities

Example : Ita : Why is Rio talking the bus to get hemo?

Aje : He might get a flat fire

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative Text

Narrative Text is a text that purpose to amuse or to entertain the reader or the listener and deal with actual or vicanous experience in different ways to the reader or listener.

Narative Text usually like folk tales, fable, legend, fairy tale, etc.

The General Structure of narrative text are

Ω Orientation

Sets the scene and introduces the participans

Ω Complication

The problem happened in the story

Ω Resolution

The crisis is resolved, for better or worse

Ω Re-orientation

The ending of the story

Ω Evaluation

A stepping back to evaluate the story or the moral message of the story

The narrative text uses of temporal conjuction

Example ; once upon a time, before, after, etc.

The narrative text uses the simple past tense

Example narrative text are :

Fable : mousedeer, crocodile, etc

Legend : Sangkuriang, Malinkundang, etc

Fairy tale : Cinderella, Snow White, Pinocchio, etc

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Descriptive text is kind of text that discribe about something detaily

The structure of descriptive text

→ Indetification : Identifies phenomenon to be described

→ Discription : Describes parts, qualities and ataracteristic

Description cinsist of :

→ Description of Purpose ( deskripsi bentuk dan tujuan )

→ Description of Features ( deskripsi tentang bentuk dan ciri-ciri )

→ Description of Physical ( deskripsi bentuk fisik )

Description uses the simple present tense but sometime

is uses the simple past tense when the person, thing, or

place that talked about no longer exists.

Example :

The mango tree in our school

There are some trees in our school. Among them, there is a mango tree. The tree is front of our classroom.

Identification

The mango tree is very old. Maybe, it is the oldest tree at the school. The trunk is very big. It takes two children with arms outstretched to completely circle it. Surprisingly, it still bears a lot of fruit. No wonder, when mango season comes, my friend and I get excited. We all like to come to school really early so we can pick all the good ones. Before going home, we can not help taking a look at mouth watering sight on the tree, hoping that we might climb it again the next day.

Description

ADVERTISEMENT

Advertisement

Information persuade and motivate people so that attracteg to service and things that offer

Function of advertisement

  1. Promotion
  2. Comminication
  3. Information

In making advertisement, keep the following points :

    • The contents of advertisement must objective and honest
    • Short and clean
    • Does not allude other group or producer
    • Use word that polite and logical
    • Attract attention

Kinds of advertisement :

  • Family advertisement
  • Announcement advertisement
  • Invitation advertisement
  • Request advertisement
  • Offer advertisement
  • Sponsor advertisement
  • Article advertisement

Example :

Newspaper advertisement

BIRTHDAY PACKAGE

Only Rp. 8.000- +/person

Avialable invitation card, mc, decoration, sound system

Celebrate your birthday

At

CIA RONS PIZZA

Door'st elisa phone : 085252955044

D'best monica_vanessa phone : 085249059993

SURPRISE AND DISBELIEF

SURPRISE AND DISBELIEF

SURPRISE : The act of coming upon unawarss or of taking suddenly and with out preparation

To example :

  • What a surprise!
  • That a surprise!
  • Fancy that!
  • Oh my god!
  • My goodness!

DISBELIEF : To had nut to be true or not to exist

To Express :

  • Really?
  • What?
  • Are you serious?
  • You are kidding?

GRATITUDE, COMPLIMENT, AND CONGRATULATION

GRATITUDE, COMPLIMENT, CONGRATULATION

Gratitude : The way to said thank you to other people

Example Gratitude :

Respon :

- Thanks you very much

- Thanks you for your help

- I am really very grateful to you

  • You are welcome
  • Don't mention it
  • It's pleasure

Compliment : To give praising to people

Example :

  • What I nice dress!
  • You look great
  • You look very nice
  • Excelent!
  • Nice work!

Congratulation : To said “good” for other people

Example :

  • Congratulation!
  • Congratulation on your success!
  • Happy Birthday!
  • Happy New Year!

prosedure text

Prosedure Text

Prosedur text is kind of text that tell us how something done trough about a few actions or steps.

The text uses the simple present tense, often imperative sentences.

It also usually uses the temporal conjunctions, such as first, second, then, next, finally.

The purpose of procedure text is to tell how to make or operate something step by step.

Example :

Goal : To make Mushroom Soup

Material : 12 ounces mushroom

4 eggs yolks

½ teaspoon graled nut meg

2 tablespoons chopped parsley

1 ½ teaspoons salt

6 tablespoons cream

¼ teaspoon pepper

2 pints chicken stock

Steps :

  1. Prepare mushroom and pace in frying pan with melted butter
  2. Then cover and cook for 10 minetes. Add stock.
  3. Next you season with salt, pepper and nut meg
  4. Bring to boil and simmer for 30 minutes
  5. You sieve and blend until smooth, with remaining ingredients
  6. Then return to pan and heat. And you remove pan from stove and cool
  7. Add beaten egg yolks and cream. Stirring gently. Do not boil
  8. Then garnish with chopped parsley and finally you serve.